Étude des différences entre les moteurs à courant continu sans balais et avec balais

My first experience with DC motors began during my elementary school years when I built a tiny elevator for a science project. It failed during the pivotal demonstration from a depleted battery, despite showing success during testing. This accident inspired me to explore the field of DC motors, especially the difference between brushed and brushless models, which are absolutely essential for speed control.

These motors, sometimes known as self-commutated DC motors, rely on brushes to commutate windings. Their design makes running without a drive circuit easy. Power is supplied during operation through brushes to energize particular coils in the rotor, producing movement through attraction and repulsion between magnet poles.

Unlike brushes for commutation, brushless DC motors use a drive circuit for current direction control. These motors improve heat dissipation over brushed motors, in which case coils 12V BLDC Motor Driver in the rotor block heat radiation, by having permanent magnets on the rotor.

Brushed motors: The commutator and brushes within help commutation. Brushes energize rotor coils consecutively, allowing rotational movement of power. Changing motor direction requires flipping polarity of the power supply.
Two permanent magnets on the rotor and winding coils on the stator improve heat dissipation in Brushless Motors. Crucially for exact phase excitation timing by the driver circuit, a hall effect IC helps rotor position sensing.

Key Distinctions: Brushed motors present design difficulties since brush wear calls for regular maintenance. On the other hand, the bearing contact of brushless motors requires little maintenance and provides lifetime and quieter running. By means of Hall Effect sensors, brushless motors also offer better power efficiency, compactness, and precise speed control.

Evolution and Adoption: Because of their better efficiency, lifetime, and adaptability, brushless motors are becoming more and more popular in a variety of uses even while brushed motors remain common in domestic appliances and vehicles. The appeal of brushless motors keeps increasing as technology develops, surpassing conventional uses towards creative ideas.

In essence, brushless motors herald a new era of motor technology while brushed motors satisfy basic needs; they provide unmatched efficiency and longevity.